$LaTeX$[置顶]

Posted on 2223-10-22 Edited on 2026-03-02 In $LaTeX$ Word count in article: 2.1k Reading time ≈ 8 mins.

$LaTeX$

声调/变音符号

1	$\dot{a} \ddot{a} \acute{a} \grave{a}$

$\dot{a}\quad \ddot{a}\quad \acute{a}\quad \grave{a}$

1	$\check{a} \breve{a} \tilde{a} \bar{a}$

$\check{a}\quad \breve{a}\quad \tilde{a}\quad \bar{a}\quad$

1	$\hat{a} \widehat{a} \vec{a}$

$\hat{a}\quad \widehat{a}\quad \vec{a}$

类字母符号即常数

1	$\infty \aleph \complement \backepsilon \eth \Finv \hbar$

$\infty\quad \aleph\quad \complement\quad \backepsilon\quad \eth\quad \Finv\quad \hbar$

1	$\Im \imath \jmath \Bbbk \ell \mho \wp \Re \circledS$

$\Im\quad \imath\quad \jmath\quad \Bbbk\quad \ell\quad \mho\quad \wp\quad \Re\quad \circledS$

数论用

1	$a\equiv1\pmod{m}$

$a\equiv1\pmod{m}$

1	$a\bmod b$

$a\bmod b$

1	$\gcd(m,n) \operatorname{lcm}(m,n)$

$\gcd(m,n)\quad \operatorname{lcm}(m,n)$

1 2	$\mid \nmid \shortmid \nshortmid$ ps：\mid可以用\|代替。

$\mid\quad \nmid\quad \shortmid\quad \nshortmid$

$a\%b$

$a\%b$

根号

1	$\surd \sqrt{2} \sqrt[n]{} \sqrt[n]{x}$

$\surd\quad \sqrt{2}\quad \sqrt[n]{}\quad \sqrt[n]{x}$

运算符

1	$+ - \pm \mp \dotplus$

$+\quad -\quad \pm\quad \mp\quad \dotplus$

1	$\times \div \divideontimes / \backslash$

$\times\quad \div\quad \divideontimes\quad /\quad \backslash$

1 2	$\cdot * \star \circ \bullet$ ps:*可以用\ast代替。

$\cdot\quad *\quad \star\quad \circ\quad \bullet$

1	$\oplus \ominus \otimes \oslash \odot$

$\oplus\quad \ominus\quad \otimes\quad \oslash\quad \odot$

1	$\circleddash \circledcirc \circledast$

$\circleddash\quad \circledcirc\quad \circledast$

1	$\bigoplus \bigotimes \bigodot$

$\bigoplus\quad \bigotimes\quad \bigodot$

集合

1	$\{ \} \emptyset \varnothing$

$\{\quad \}\quad \emptyset\quad \varnothing$

1	$\in \notin \not\in \ni \not\ni$

$\in\quad \notin\quad \not\in\quad \ni\quad \not\ni$

1	$\cap \Cap \sqcap \bigcap$

$\cap\quad \Cap\quad \sqcap\quad \bigcap$

1	$\cup \Cup \sqcup \bigcup \bigsqcup \uplus \biguplus$

$\cup\quad \Cup\quad \sqcup\quad \bigcup\quad \bigsqcup\quad \uplus\quad \biguplus$

1	$\setminus \smallsetminus \times$

$\setminus\quad \smallsetminus\quad \times$

1	$\subset \Subset \sqsubset$

$\subset\quad \Subset\quad \sqsubset$

1	$\supset \Supset \sqsupset$

$\supset\quad \Supset\quad \sqsupset$

1	$\subseteq \nsubseteq \subsetneq \varsubsetneq \sqsubseteq$

$\subseteq\quad \nsubseteq\quad \subsetneq\quad \varsubsetneq\quad \sqsubseteq$

1	$\supseteq \nsupseteq \supsetneq \varsupsetneq \sqsupseteq$

$\supseteq\quad \nsupseteq\quad \supsetneq\quad \varsupsetneq\quad \sqsupseteq$

1	$\subseteqq \nsubseteqq \subsetneqq \varsubsetneqq$

$\subseteqq\quad \nsubseteqq\quad \subsetneqq\quad \varsubsetneqq$

1	$\supseteqq \nsupseteqq \supsetneqq \varsupsetneqq$

$\supseteqq\quad \nsupseteqq\quad \supsetneqq\quad \varsupsetneqq$

关系符号

1	$= \ne \neq \equiv \not\equiv$

$=\quad \ne\quad \neq\quad \equiv\quad \not\equiv$

1	$\doteq \doteqdot \overset{\underset{def}{}}{=} :=$

$\doteq\quad \doteqdot\quad \overset{\underset{def}{}}{=}\quad :=$

1	$\sim \nsim \backsim \thicksim \simeq \backsimeq \eqsim \cong \ncong$

$\sim \quad\nsim\quad \backsim\quad \thicksim\quad \simeq \quad \backsimeq\quad \eqsim\quad \cong\quad \ncong$

1	$\approx \thickapprox \approxeq \asymp \propto \varpropto$

$\approx\quad\thickapprox\quad \approxeq\quad \asymp\quad \propto\quad \varpropto$

1	$< \nless \ll \not\ll \lll \not\lll \lessdot$

$<\quad \nless\quad \ll\quad \not\quad\ll \quad\lll \quad\not\lll\quad \lessdot$

1	$> \ngtr \gg \not\gg \ggg \not\ggg \gtrdot$

$> \quad\ngtr\quad \gg\quad \not\gg\quad \ggg\quad \not\ggg \quad\gtrdot$

1	$\le \leq \lneq \leqq \nleq \nleqq \lneqq \lvertneqq$

$\le\quad \leq\quad \lneq\quad \leqq\quad \nleq\quad \nleqq\quad \lneqq\quad \lvertneqq$

1	$\ge \geq \gneq \geqq \ngeq \ngeqq \gneqq \gvertneqq$

$\ge\quad \geq\quad \gneq\quad \geqq\quad \ngeq\quad \ngeqq\quad \gneqq\quad \gvertneqq$

1	$\lessgtr \lesseqgtr \lesseqqgtr \gtrless \gtreqless \gtreqqless$

$\lessgtr\quad \lesseqgtr\quad \lesseqqgtr\quad \gtrless\quad \gtreqless\quad \gtreqqless$

还有很多，大概率是用不上的，就不写了

集合符号

1	$\parallel \nparallel \shortparallel \nshortparallel$

$\parallel\quad \nparallel\quad \shortparallel\quad \nshortparallel$

1	$\perp \angle \sphericalangle \measuredangle 45^\circ$

$\perp\quad \angle\quad \sphericalangle\quad \measuredangle 45^\circ$

1	$\Box \blacksquare \diamond \Diamond \lozenge \blacklozenge \bigstar$

$\Box\quad \blacksquare\quad \diamond\quad \Diamond\quad\lozenge\quad \blacklozenge\quad \bigstar$

1	$\bigcirc \triangle \bigtriangleup \bigtriangledown$

$\bigcirc\quad \triangle\quad \bigtriangleup\quad \bigtriangledown$

1	$\vartriangle \triangledown \triangleleft \triangleright$

$\vartriangle\quad\triangledown \quad\triangleleft \quad\triangleright$

1	$\blacktriangle \blacktriangledown \blacktriangleleft \blacktriangleright$

$\blacktriangle\quad \blacktriangledown \quad\blacktriangleleft\quad \blacktriangleright$

逻辑符号

1	$\forall \exists \nexists$

$\forall\quad \exists\quad \nexists$

1	$\therefore \because \And$

$\therefore\quad \because\quad \And$

1	$\lor \vee \curlyvee \bigvee$

$\lor\quad \vee\quad \curlyvee\quad \bigvee$

1	$\land \wedge \curlywedge \bigwedge$

$\land\quad \wedge\quad \curlywedge\quad \bigwedge$

1	$\bar{q} \bar{abc} \overline{q} \overline{abc}$

$\bar{q}\quad \bar{abc}\quad \overline{q}\quad \overline{abc}$

1	$\lnot \neg \bot \top$

$\lnot\quad \neg\quad \bot\quad \top$

箭头

1	$\Rrightarrow \Lleftarrow$

$\Rrightarrow\quad \Lleftarrow$

1	$\Rightarrow \nRightarrow \Longrightarrow \implies$

$\Rightarrow\quad \nRightarrow\quad \Longrightarrow\quad \implies$

1	$\Leftarrow \nLeftarrow \Longleftarrow$

$\Leftarrow\quad \nLeftarrow\quad \Longleftarrow$

1	$\Leftrightarrow \nLeftrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow \iff$

$\Leftrightarrow\quad \nLeftrightarrow\quad \Longleftrightarrow\quad \iff$

1	$\Uparrow \Downarrow \Updownarrow$

$\Uparrow \quad\Downarrow\quad \Updownarrow$

1	$\leftarrow \rightarrow \nleftarrow \nrightarrow \leftrightarrow \nleftrightarrow \longleftarrow \longrightarrow \longleftrightarrow$

$\leftarrow\quad \rightarrow\quad \nleftarrow\quad \nrightarrow \quad\leftrightarrow\quad \nleftrightarrow\quad \longleftarrow\quad \longrightarrow \quad\longleftrightarrow$

1	$\uparrow \downarrow \updownarrow \nearrow \searrow \nwarrow \swarrow$

$\uparrow\quad \downarrow\quad \updownarrow\quad \nearrow \quad\searrow \quad\nwarrow \quad\swarrow$

1	$\mapsto \longmapsto$

$\mapsto\quad \longmapsto$

1	$\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \leftrightharpoons \rightleftharpoons$

$\rightharpoonup \quad\rightharpoondown\quad \leftharpoonup \quad\leftharpoondown \quad\upharpoonleft\quad \upharpoonright \quad\downharpoonleft \quad\downharpoonright\quad \leftrightharpoons\quad \rightleftharpoons$

1	$\curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright$

$\curvearrowleft\quad \circlearrowleft\quad \Lsh \quad\upuparrows\quad \rightrightarrows\quad \rightleftarrows \quad\rightarrowtail \quad\looparrowright$

1	$\curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft$

$\curvearrowright\quad \circlearrowright\quad \Rsh \quad\downdownarrows \quad\leftleftarrows\quad \leftrightarrows \quad\leftarrowtail \quad\looparrowleft$

1	$\hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow$

$\hookrightarrow\quad \hookleftarrow \quad\multimap \quad\leftrightsquigarrow\quad \rightsquigarrow\quad \twoheadrightarrow \quad\twoheadleftarrow$

1	$\xleftarrow{left} \xrightarrow{right} \xLeftarrow{Left} \xRightarrow{Right} \xleftrightarrow{left\& right} \xLeftrightarrow{Left\& Right}$

$\xleftarrow{left}\quad \xrightarrow{right}\quad \xLeftarrow{Left}\quad \xRightarrow{Right}\quad \xleftrightarrow{left\& right}\quad \xLeftrightarrow{Left\& Right}$

特殊符号

1	$\amalg \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots$

$\amalg\quad \% \quad\dagger\quad \ddagger\quad \ldots\quad \cdots$

1	$\smile \frown \wr$

$\smile\quad \frown\quad \wr$

1	$\diamondsuit \heartsuit \clubsuit \spadesuit \Game \flat \natural \sharp$

$\diamondsuit \quad\heartsuit\quad \clubsuit\quad \spadesuit \quad\Game\quad \flat\quad \natural\quad \sharp$

上下标

简单的应用省略

前置上下标

1	${}^2_1\!X^3_4$

${}^2_1\!X^3_4$

导数

1	$(PNG)x^\prime$

$x^\prime$

导数点

1	$\dot{x} \ddot{x}$

$\dot{x}\quad\ddot{x}$

向量

1	$\vec{x} \overleftarrow{AB} \overrightarrow{AB} \widehat{AB}$

$\vec{x}\quad\overleftarrow{AB}\quad\overrightarrow{AB} \quad\widehat{AB}$

上弧

1 2	$\overarc{\frown}{AB}$ ps:正确的语法应该是\overarc，但因为没有引入amsmath宏包，所以无法使用，只能用这个替代下。

$\overset{\frown}{AB}$

上划线

1	$\overline{ABC}$

$\overline{ABC}$

下划线

1	$\underline{ABC}$

$\underline{ABC}$

上括号

$\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$  

$\begin{matrix}
5050\\end
\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}
\end{matrix}$

\[ \overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100} \]

\[ \begin{matrix}5050 \\ \overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}\end{matrix} \]

下括号

$\underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$  

$\begin{matrix}
\underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}\\end
5050
\end{matrix}$

$\underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$

\[ \begin{matrix} \underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100} \\ 5050\end{matrix} \]

极限

1	$\lim_{n\to\infty}x_n \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}x_n$

\[ \lim_{n\to\infty}x_n\quad \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}x_n \]

积分

1	$\int_{-N}^{N}e^x\,dx$

$\int_{-N}^{N}e^x\,dx$

双重积分

1	$\iint_M^Ndx\,dy$

$\iint_M^Ndx\,dy$

三重积分

1	$\iiint_M^Ndx\,dy\,dz$

$\iiint_M^Ndx\,dy\,dz$

交集

1	$\bigcap_1^np \bigcap\limits_1^np$

$\bigcap_1^np\quad \bigcap\limits_1^np$

并集

1	$\bigcup_1^np \bigcup\limits_1^np$

$\bigcup_1^np\quad \bigcup\limits_1^np$

分数矩阵

分数

1	$\frac{1}{2}=0.5$

$\frac{1}{2}=0.5$

小型分数

1	$\tfrac{1}{2}=0.5$

$\tfrac{1}{2}=0.5$

大型分数

1	$\dfrac{1}{2}=0.5 \dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{3}{y+\dfrac{1}{5}}}$

$\dfrac{1}{2}=0.5\quad \dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{3}{y+\dfrac{1}{5}}}$

二项式系数

1	$\dbinom{n}{m}=\dbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

$\dbinom{n}{m}=\dbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

小型二项式系数

1	$\tbinom{n}{m}=\tbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

$\tbinom{n}{m}=\tbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

1	$\binom{n}{m}=\binom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

$\binom{n}{m}=\binom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$

矩阵

1	$\begin{matrix}a&b\\end c&d\end{matrix}$

\[ \begin{matrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{matrix} \]

1	$\begin{vmatrix}a&b\\end c&d\end{vmatrix}$

\[ \begin{vmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{vmatrix} \]

1	$\begin{Vmatrix}a&b\\end c&d\end{Vmatrix}$

\[ \begin{Vmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{Vmatrix} \]

1 2	$\begin{bmatrix}a&\cdots&b\\end\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\end c&\cdots&d\end{bmatrix}$ ps:\vdots是竖着3个点，\ddots是斜着3个点。

\[ \begin{bmatrix}a&\cdots&b\\\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\ c&\cdots&d\end{bmatrix} \]

1	$\begin{Bmatrix}a&c\\end b&d\end{Bmatrix}$

\[ \begin{Bmatrix}a&c\\ b&d\end{Bmatrix} \]

1	$\begin{pmatrix}a&c\\end b&d\end{pmatrix}$

\[ \begin{pmatrix}a&c\\ b&d\end{pmatrix} \]

矩阵嵌套

1	$\begin{vmatrix} \begin{Bmatrix}A & \\end c & d \end{Bmatrix} & x\\end \dfrac{1}{2} & \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 \\end 3 & 4 \end{matrix} \end{vmatrix}$

\[ \begin{vmatrix} \begin{Bmatrix}A & \\ c & d \end{Bmatrix} & x\\ \dfrac{1}{2} & \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{matrix} \end{vmatrix} \]

条件定义(如分段函数)

1	$f(x)=\begin{cases}x-1&x\leqslant3\\end x^2+3x-1&x>3\end{cases}$

\[ f(x)=\begin{cases}x-1&x\leqslant3\\ x^2+3x-1&x>3\end{cases} \]

方程组

1	$\begin{cases}2x+9y-5z=10\\end 4x+20y+z=24\\end x-\dfrac{1}{2}y+3z=8\end{cases}$

\[ \begin{cases}2x+9y-5z=10\\ 4x+20y+z=24\\ x-\dfrac{1}{2}y+3z=8\end{cases} \]

多行等式

$\begin{aligned}f(x) & = (x + 1)^2 \\end & = x^2 + 2x + 1\end{aligned}$

$\begin{aligned}a_1 & = 1 \\end a_2 & = 2 \\end & \dots \\end a_n & = n\end{aligned}$ 

ps:原语法为align，现在是aligned。感觉align没啥不好的

\[ \begin{aligned}f(x) & = (x + 1)^2 \\ & = x^2 + 2x + 1\end{aligned} \]

\[ \begin{aligned}a_1 & = 1 \\ a_2 & = 2 \\ & \dots \\ a_n & = n\end{aligned} \]

数组/表格

1
2

$\begin{array}{|c|c||c|}x&y&z\\end8&2&4\\end2&3&9\\end10&\dfrac{3}{4}&\sqrt{3}\\enda&b&c\end{array}$
 ps:\begin{array}{}←这个大括号里是形如'|c|c||c|'这样的格式，'|'是两列的分割线，'c'是表示这里有一列，而内容中使用'&'来分开每一列的内容。这里可能讲的不是很清楚，所以最好还是自己尝试一下。

\[ \begin{array}{|c|c||c|}x&y&z\\ 8&2&4\\ 2&3&9\\ 10&\dfrac{3}{4}&\sqrt{3}\\ a&b&c\end{array} \]

字体

希腊字母

1	$\Alpha \Beta \Gamma\Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta \Theta$

$\rm AB \Gamma\Delta E Z H \Theta$

1	$\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi$

$\rm I K \Lambda M N \Xi O \Pi$

1	$\Rho \Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega$

$\rm R\Sigma T \Upsilon \Phi X \Psi \Omega$

1	$\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta$

$\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta$

1	$\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi$

$\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi$

1	$\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega$

$\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega$

1	$\varepsilon\digamma\varkappa\varpi$

$\varepsilon\digamma\varkappa\varpi$

1	$\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi$

$\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi$

下次继续